Long-term Results of Modified Salter Innominate Osteotomy for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

Background In a previous study, we reported clinical and radiographic results of our modified Salter innominate osteotomy technique in 16 hips affected by Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) with an average follow-up of 31.8 months. In this study, we present the long-term results of the osteotomy in LCPD patients followed until physeal closure. Methods Thirty hips of 29 patients were followed until skeletal maturation after modified Salter innominate osteotomy. The mean follow-up duration was 12.9 years (range, 9.1 to 16.0 years). Eleven hips (36.7%) were classified as Catterall group III and 19 (63.3%) as Catterall group VI. Stable interposition of a bone block was achieved using one biodegradable screw in nine hips and without any fixation device in 21 hips by simply changing the direction of osteotomy. The Harris Hip Score (HHS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, and hip function were evaluated at the last follow-up. Radiological outcomes were evaluated using Wiberg's center-edge angle, the Mose method, and Stulberg classification, and osteoarthritic changes were evaluated using the Tonnis classification. Results Mean HHS and WOMAC score were 80.2 points and 54 points, respectively, preoperatively and these were improved to 96.2 points and 28 points, respectively, at the last follow-up. Clinical results, according to Robinson's criteria, were good in 18, fair in seven, and poor in five hips. Radiological results assessed using the Mose method were good in 18, fair in six, and poor in six hips, and according to the Stulberg classification, nine hips were class I, nine were class II, eight were class III, and four were class IV. The mean center-edge angle improved from 19.7° preoperatively to 29.6° at the final follow-up. According the Tonnis classification, three hips were grade 2, five were grade 1, and 22 were grade 0. Of the three grade 2 hips, two underwent Chiari osteotomy 12.1 and 8.8 years postoperatively, and the other underwent total hip arthroplasty 12.9 years postoperatively. Conclusions The modified Salter innominate osteotomy produced relatively satisfactory long-term clinical and radiological results.